Vegetation Description & Analysis: A Practical Approach

abundance Agrostis capillaris applied association Atriplex patula axes CA/RA calculated Carex cent Chapter Cladonia Cladonia portentosa community types component correlation coefficient correspondence analysis curves Dartmoor data set described dissimilarity distribution diversity dominant ecologists ecosystem eigenvector environmental data environmental factors environmental gradients environmental variables example Figure frequency Garraf Gauch gradient analysis graph grassland grazing Gutter Tor habitat hypothesis important individual Iva frutescens Juncus effusus kind permission matrix measures multivariate number of species numerical classification ordination ordination diagram ordination methods ordination plot phytosociology plant communities plant ecology plant species points presence/absence presence/absence data problems programs pseudospecies Pteridium aquilinum quadrat ordination quadrats reciprocal averaging redrawn with kind regression relationship relevés represent samples scale second axis shown soil moisture species composition species ordination species richness species/variables statistical subcommunity techniques tion transect TWINSPAN values variance variation vegetation data vegetation description vegetation types